SGI/IRIX

General

• Oracle Solaris Blog

Booting: x86

Into single-user mode:

• In grub menu, edit entry
• On $multiboot line, add "-s" to end
• CTRL-X to boot

Show Grub boot options:

bootadm list-menu

Set default menu option to second one:

bootadm set-menu default=1

Set the timeout:

bootadm set-menu timeout=10

Booting: OpenBoot

• ok> prompt: STOP-A or BRK

banner
reset-all
probe-ide
probe-scsi
devaliases
printenv boot-device
setenv boot-device disk
reset

Package Management

Show package publisher:

pkg publisher

Show us only the packages for which newer versions are available:

pkg info -u

Update:

pkg update

Show SRU installed (look at Branch and Packaging Date):

pkg info entire

Search for a package matching "ucb":

# pkg search ucb
INDEX      ACTION VALUE                                  PACKAGE
basename   file   usr/share/groff/1.22.3/font/devlj4/UCB pkg:/text/groff@1.22.3-11.4.0.0.1.14.0
basename   dir    usr/ucb                                pkg:/legacy/compatibility/ucb@11.4-11.4.0.0.1.15.0
pkg.fmri   set    solaris/compatibility/ucb              pkg:/compatibility/ucb@11.4-11.4.0.0.0.11.0
pkg.fmri   set    solaris/legacy/compatibility/ucb       pkg:/legacy/compatibility/ucb@11.4-11.4.0.0.1.15.0

# pkg install pkg:/compatibility/ucb@11.4-11.4.0.0.0.11.0

Services

List all enabled services (-a also shows disabled):

svcs

Show long list about one service:

# svcs -l apache24
fmri         svc:/network/http:apache24
name         Apache 2.4 HTTP server
enabled      true
state        online
next_state   none
state_time   Mon Nov 12 16:22:58 2018
logfile      /var/svc/log/network-http:apache24.log
restarter    svc:/system/svc/restarter:default
contract_id  2017
manifest     /lib/svc/manifest/network/http-apache24.xml
dependency   optional_all/error svc:/system/filesystem/autofs:default (online)
dependency   require_all/none svc:/system/filesystem/local:default (online)
dependency   require_all/error svc:/milestone/network:default (online)

Enable a service:

svcadm enable apache24

User Management

To give user ability to su to root:

• /etc/user_attr.d/local-entries

To show status and unlock:

passwd -s
passwd -u someuser

To stop account lockout:

usermod -K lock_after_retries=no someuser

iSCSI initiator (Static)

Check initiator service is up:

svcs network/iscsi/initiator

Add IP of storage system (use default port 3260):

iscsiadm add static-config iqn.2000-01.com.example:initiator01, 192.0.2.2:3260

Check targets:

iscsiadm list static-config

CHAPS enable:

iscsiadm modify initiator-node --authentication CHAP

Set user, and secret (password):

iscsiadm modify initiator-node --CHAP-name someuser
iscsiadm modify initiator-node --CHAP-secret
 Enter CHAP secret: ************
 Re-enter secret: ************

Enable:

iscsiadm modify discovery --static enable

Show initiator status:

iscsiadm list initiator-node
iscsiadm list target
iscsiadm list target-param -v

Show iSCSI disks:

iscsiadm list target -S | grep "OS Device Name"

See also: Oracle Docs

Kerberos

Client: kclient

Networking

networking

Check status:

dladm show-link

Show hostname:

svccfg -s system/identity:node listprop config

Set hostname:

svccfg -s system/identity:node setprop config/nodename="my-sol-host"
svccfg -s system/identity:node setprop config/loopback="localhost

NTP

Client:

cd /etc/inet; cp ntp.client > ntp.conf

(edit file)

svcadm enable ntp
svcadm start ntp

Reset root password

• Boot from CD
• Select option 3: Shell

Check availability of rpool (none expected):

zpool list

Import rpool:

zpool import -f -R /a rpool

df -h should show some filesystems under /a

Show zfs filesystems, check for root/ROOT/...

zfs list

Set mount point for root filesystem:

zfs set mountpoint=/mnt_tmp rpool/ROOT/11.4-11.4.31.0.1.88.5

Check new entry under /mnt/tmp has been added:

zfs list

Mount filesystem:

zfs mount rpool/ROOT/11.4-11.4.31.0.1.88.5

Remove password hash from /a/mnt_tmp/etc/shadow

Reset mount point:

zfs umount rpool/ROOT/11.4-11.4.31.0.1.88.5
zfs set mountpoint=/ rpool/ROOT/11.4-11.4.31.0.1.88.5
zpool export rpool

• Reboot server
• edit grub menu ("e")
• on line starting $multiboot, append "-s" option for single-user mode
• enter "root" and once in shell, change root password
• reboot

Resource Pools

Disks can be listed and formatted with:

format

Will show at least the root pool (rpool):

zpool list
zpool status

Show zfs file systems:

zfs list

Create a new pool from one device (file, or disk device):

zpool create pool1 /root/disk1
zpool list pool1
zfs list pool1

Add a second disk, and zfs capacity expands automatically:

zpool add pool1 /root/disk2

Remove a pool:

zpool destroy pool1

Create a mirror:

zpool create pool1 mirror /root/disk1 /root/disk2

Check for errors:

zpool scrub pool1

Remove a disk:

zpool detatch pool1 /root/disk1

Add a new disk ("silver" the mirror disk2 > 1):

zpool attach pool1 /root/disk2 /root/disk1

Make a bigger RAID:

zpool create pool1 raidz /root/disk1 /root/disk2 /root/disk3 /root/disk4

Role Based Authentication

List profiles for a user:

profiles -l user1

Create a new profile (local files, not LDAP):

profile -p ChangePasswords -S files
> set desc="Allow changing of passwords"
> set auth=solaris.passwd.assign,solaris.account.activate
> info
> verify
> exit

Update a user to be assigned the new profile:

usermod +P ChangePasswords user1

Profiles are stored locally in:

• /etc/security/prof_attr

Zones

Oracle Docs:

• Zones Overview
• Getting Started

Check zfs:

zfs list | grep zones

Configuring a zone:

root@npgs-solaris:~# zonecfg -z zone1
Use 'create' to begin configuring a new zone.
zonecfg:zone1> create
create: Using system default template 'SYSdefault'
zonecfg:zone1> set autoboot=true
zonecfg:zone1> set bootargs="-m verbose"
zonecfg:zone1> verify
zonecfg:zone1> commit
zonecfg:zone1> exit
root@npgs-solaris:~#

List config:

root@npgs-solaris:~# zoneadm list -cv
  ID NAME             STATUS      PATH                         BRAND      IP
   0 global           running     /                            solaris    shared
   - zone1            configured  /system/zones/zone1          solaris    excl

Install zone:

root@npgs-solaris:~# zoneadm -z zone1 install
The following ZFS file system(s) have been created:
    rpool/VARSHARE/zones/zone1
Progress being logged to /var/log/zones/zoneadm.20181109T163221Z.zone1.install
       Image: Preparing at /system/zones/zone1/root.

Install Log: /system/volatile/install.25403/install_log
 AI Manifest: /tmp/manifest.xml.5c4vcb
  SC Profile: /usr/share/auto_install/sc_profiles/enable_sci.xml
    Zonename: zone1
Installation: Starting ...
          Creating IPS image
Startup linked: 1/1 done
        Installing packages from:
            solaris
                origin:  http://pkg.oracle.com/solaris/release/
DOWNLOAD                                PKGS         FILES    XFER (MB)   SPEED
Completed                            415/415   65388/65388  428.2/428.2  507k/s

 PHASE                                          ITEMS
Installing new actions                   89400/89400
Updating package state database                 Done
Updating package cache                           0/0
Updating image state                            Done
Creating fast lookup database                   Done
Updating package cache                           1/1
Installation: Succeeded
 done.

        Done: Installation completed in 1328.592 seconds.


  Next Steps: Boot the zone, then log into the zone console (zlogin -C)

              to complete the configuration process.

Log saved in non-global zone as /system/zones/zone1/root/var/log/zones/zoneadm.20181109T163221Z.zone1.install

Start the zone:

zoneadm -z zone1 boot

Login to the zone console (disconnect with ~.) and finish setup with UI:

zlogin -C zone1

Check status:

zoneadm list -v

Show config:

zonecfg -z zone1 info -a

Dedicated CPUs (set min 1, max 3) to a zone:

# zonecfg -z zone1
zonecfg:zone1> add dedicated-cpu
zonecfg:zone1:dedicated-cpu> set ncpus=1-3
zonecfg:zone1:dedicated-cpu> end
zonecfg:zone1> verify
zonecfg:zone1> commit
zonecfg:zone1> exit

("select" to enter a resource once it exists. "remove" to delete)

Set Memory cap:

zonecfg:zone1> add capped-memory
zonecfg:zone1:capped-memory> set physical=512m
zonecfg:zone1:capped-memory> set swap=1024m
zonecfg:zone1:capped-memory> set locked=128m
zonecfg:zone1:capped-memory> end

Capped Memory

Set CPU cap (proportion guaranteed if there is contention), eg 50%:

# zonecfg -z zone1
zonecfg:zone1> add capped-cpu
zonecfg:zone1:capped-cpu> set ncpus=0.5
zonecfg:zone1:capped-cpu> end

Capped CPU