Linux - Disks and Filesystems and Running: Difference between pages

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== Distances ==


== iSCSI ==
See [https://www.calculator.net/pace-calculator.html Pace Calculator].


* Block storage provider: iSCSI Target
=== 5k ===
* Storage client: iSCSI Initiator
* Dynamic Discovery: Initiator sends  'SendTargets' request to a single IP/port and if the target listens on multiple names and addresses, all of them are sent in a form of TargetName and TargetAddress (IP:port#).
* See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISCSI here] for background and IQN naming.


=== Target ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Date
!Location
!Time
!Pace (min/km)


* Install package (and dependencies: targetcli
|-
* Choose/create local area for disk images: /iscsi_disks
|2023-08-26||South Norwood||20:15||4:03
|-
|2023-08-12||Swansea Bay||19:27||3:53


Start admin utility:
|}
targetcli
/> cd /backstores/fileio
/backstores/fileio> create disk01 /iscsi_disks/disk01.img 10G
/backstores/fileio> cd /iscsi
/iscsi> create iqn.2000-01.com.example:storage.target01
/iscsi> cd iqn.2000-01.com.example:storage.target01/tpg1/luns
/iscsi/iqn.20...t01/tpg1/luns> create /backstores/fileio/disk01
/iscsi/iqn.20...t00/tpg1/luns> cd ../acls
/iscsi/iqn.20...t00/tpg1/acls> create iqn.2000-01.com.example:initiator01
/iscsi/iqn.20...t00/tpg1/acls> cd iqn.2000-01.com.example:initiator01
/iscsi/iqn.20...an-server01> set auth userid=someuser
/iscsi/iqn.20...an-server01> set auth password=somepass
exit


Other commands within targetcli:
Target: 20:00 (4:00 min/km)
ls
delete [object]
help


systemctl enable target
=== Half (21.1 km) ===
systemctl start target


If necessary, open firewall for 3260:
{| class="wikitable"
firewall-cmd --add-service=iscsi-target --permanent
!Date
firewall-cmd --reload
!Location
!Time
!Pace (min/km)


See also [https://www.lisenet.com/2016/iscsi-target-and-initiator-configuration-on-rhel-7/ here]
|-
|2023-09-03||London Big Half||1:36:57||4:36


=== Initiator ===
|}


Install package: iscsi-initiator-utils
Target: 1:30:00 (4:16 min/km)


In /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi specify the iSCSI target:
=== Marathon (42.2 km) ===
InitiatorName=iqn.2000-01.com.example:initiator01


In /etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf:
{| class="wikitable"
node.session.auth.authmethod = CHAP
!Date
node.session.auth.username = username
!Location
node.session.auth.password = password
!Time
!Pace (min/km)


Discover target:
|-
# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p san-server01
|2022-05-01||Milton Keynes||3:53:00||5:31
san-server01:3260,1 iqn.2000-01.com.example:storage.target01
|-
|2023-05-01||Milton Keynes||3:34:04||5:04


More info:
|}
iscsiadm -m node -o show
...


Login:
Target: 3:30:00 (4:59 min/km)
iscsiadm -m node --login


Confirm session:
== Training ==
iscsiadm -m session -o show


Confirm new device added (eg sdc):
{| class="wikitable"
cat /proc/partitions
!Mon
!Tue
!Wed
!Thu
!Fri
!Sat
!Sun


Then, partition, format and mount /dev/sdc as normal.
|-
|Recovery||Intervals||Easy/Marathon Pace||Easy/Progression||Rest||Parkrun ||Long Run
|-
|60+ min<br/>Easy 14 km with hill||60+ mins,<br/>Easy 14 km with hill<br/> with intervals of < 4 min/km||60+ min,<br/>5 min/km||60+ min,<br/>5 min/km||S & C Work||5 km race,<br/>easy run after||22 - 30 km


Logout of iSCSI (after unmounting used filesystems):
|}
iscsiadm -m node --logout


== Disk Management ==


=== Grub ===
S/C Excercises:
* Calf Raise
* Bench Lunge
* Side Plank


When installing on a RAID 1 mirror for the OS grub boot loader only installs on the first disk, so it that fails you can't boot off the second. To copy loader to the second disk:
== Shoes ==


grub> find /grub/stage1
Current:
* ASICS Gel-Nimbus 24
* ASICS NovaBlast 3


This should find (hd0,0) and (hd1,0) which correspond for /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. Then temporarily make sdb the first disk and install:
Consider:
 
* ASICS Get-Nimbus 25
device (hd0) /dev/sdb
** £175 Runners Needed
root (hd0,0)
** £175 ASICS online
setup (hd0)
** Y19800 ASICS Japan
 
* ASICS Metaspeed Sky+
=== HD Parameters ===
** £225 ASICS online
 
** Y27500 ASICS Japan
Show settings/features:
* Mizuno Wave Rebellion Pro
hdparm -I /dev/sda
** £200 Runners Needed
 
* Fuelcell Supercomp Pacer
Test transfer rate:
** £170 Runners Needed
hdparm -t --direct /dev/sda
* Hoka Bondi X
 
** £180 Runners Needed
Show power management setting:
hdparm -B /dev/sda
 
=== MD RAIDs ===
 
Create an array of 2 disks in a RAID1 (mirror):
mdadm --create /dev/md0 -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
 
Monitor status with:
mdadm --detail /dev/md0
cat /proc/mdstat
 
Ensure RAID is detected at boot time:
mdadm -Es >> /etc/mdadm.conf
 
Remove a device from an array:
mdadm --remove /dev/md0 /dev/sdb1
 
Fail a drive in an array:
mdadm --fail /dev/md0 /dev/sdb1
 
Add a device to an array:
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdb1
 
The /etc/cron.weekly/99-raid-check script can sometimes report:
WARNING: mismatch_cnt is not 0 on /dev/md1
 
The actual mismatch count can be found:
cat /sys/block/md1/md/mismatch_cnt
 
A repair and rebuild can be:
echo repair > /sys/block/md1/md/sync_action
echo check > /sys/block/md1/md/sync_action
 
=== Partitioning ===
 
==== FDisk ====
 
Supports MBR partitions
 
==== Parted ====
 
Supports MBR and GPT
 
See [https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/manual/html_chapter/parted_2.html#SEC8 Manual]
 
=== LVM ===
 
==== Physical Volumes ====
 
To create a PV out of two partions:
pvcreate /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
 
To show current PVs:
pvscan
 
==== Volume Groups ====
 
To create a VG:
vgcreate vg00 /dev/sd[cd]
 
To show all current VGs:
vgscan
 
To show details of a VG (including free PEs):
vgdisplay vg00
 
To extend a volume group by adding a new PV:
vgextend vg00 /dev/sde
 
To make a volume group available:
vgchange -ay vg00
 
==== Logical Volumes ====
 
To create a new LV:
lvcreate --size 100M vg00 -n lv00
or change --size option to --extents 500 or --extents 60%VG or -l 100%FREE 
 
eg to create a RAID5 array out of 3 disks (2 data):
lvcreate -n lv00 --type raid5 -i 2 --extents 100%FREE vg00
 
Show status of LVM RAID:
lvs -a vg00
 
To rename a LV in VG vg01:
lvrename vg00 lvold lvnew
 
To remove a LV:
lvremove vg00/lv01
 
To show current LVs:
lvscan
 
== Filesystems ==
 
To format with 1% minfree, large file support (see types in /etc/mke2fs.conf), journalling and a label:
mkfs.ext4 -m 1 -T largefile4 -j -L /home /dev/mapper/vg00-lv00
 
To alter the label:
e2label /dev/sda newlabel
 
To mount at boot time, enter in
* /etc/fstab
 
Or to use XFS on a LV:
mkfs.xfs -L /home /dev/mapper/vg0-lv0
 
== BTRFS ==
 
See also [https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/SysadminGuide here]
 
Create a RAID5 array for data and metadata:
mkfs.btrfs -L data -d raid5 -m raid5 -f /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde
 
View usage:
btrfs filesystem usage /data
 
Look for btrfs filesystems:
blkid --match-token TYPE=btrfs
 
=== Subvolumes ===
 
Create subvolume:
  btrfs subvolume create /data/db
 
Info:
btrfs subvolume list /data
btrfs subvolume show /data/db
 
Delete subvolume:
  btrfs subvolume delete /data/db
 
=== Compression ===
 
Mount with compression option in fstab:
compress=zstd:1
where the algorirm could also be lzo or zlib. Compression level can be increased to 2 or 3
 
Per-file/directory/subvolume compression is also available:
btrfs property get /somefile compression
btrfs property set /etc compression zlib
 
Degragment:
  btrfs filesystem defragment -r /
 
== Loopback Filesystem ==
 
dd if=/dev/zero of=loopback.img bs=1024M count=5
losetup -fP loopback.img
 
To show loopback device(s):
losetup -a
losetup -l
 
To delete loopback device:
losetup -d /dev/loop0
 
Then, create filesystem, eg:
mkfs.xfs -L backups loopback.img
 
And mount /dev/loop0 (-o loop) as a traditional device. Note: the losetup configuration is lost at restart so can't be added to /etc/fstab for at-boot mounting.
 
== Smarttools ==
 
/etc/smartmontools/smartd.conf
 
Default to scan ATA/SCSI devices and report problems to root:
DEVICESCAN -H -m root -M exec /usr/libexec/smartmontools/smartdnotify -n standby,10,q
 
Or a specific device, and email an external user:
/dev/sda -a -o on -S on -s (S/../.././02|L/../../6/03) -m user@domain.com
 
Scan for devices:
smartctl --scan
 
Show detailed information about a device:
smartctl --all /dev/sda

Revision as of 16:43, 28 November 2023

Distances

See Pace Calculator.

5k

Date Location Time Pace (min/km)
2023-08-26 South Norwood 20:15 4:03
2023-08-12 Swansea Bay 19:27 3:53

Target: 20:00 (4:00 min/km)

Half (21.1 km)

Date Location Time Pace (min/km)
2023-09-03 London Big Half 1:36:57 4:36

Target: 1:30:00 (4:16 min/km)

Marathon (42.2 km)

Date Location Time Pace (min/km)
2022-05-01 Milton Keynes 3:53:00 5:31
2023-05-01 Milton Keynes 3:34:04 5:04

Target: 3:30:00 (4:59 min/km)

Training

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
Recovery Intervals Easy/Marathon Pace Easy/Progression Rest Parkrun Long Run
60+ min
Easy 14 km with hill		 60+ mins,
Easy 14 km with hill
with intervals of < 4 min/km		 60+ min,
5 min/km		 60+ min,
5 min/km		 S & C Work 5 km race,
easy run after		 22 - 30 km


S/C Excercises:

  • Calf Raise
  • Bench Lunge
  • Side Plank

Shoes

Current:

  • ASICS Gel-Nimbus 24
  • ASICS NovaBlast 3

Consider:

  • ASICS Get-Nimbus 25
    • £175 Runners Needed
    • £175 ASICS online
    • Y19800 ASICS Japan
  • ASICS Metaspeed Sky+
    • £225 ASICS online
    • Y27500 ASICS Japan
  • Mizuno Wave Rebellion Pro
    • £200 Runners Needed
  • Fuelcell Supercomp Pacer
    • £170 Runners Needed
  • Hoka Bondi X
    • £180 Runners Needed
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